![]() This law explains why heat travels from hotter objects to colder objects. The second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy (spontaneity) of an isolated system will increase over time. The relationship between energy, heat, and work is represented mathematically with the equation: ΔU = w + q, where the change in internal energy of the system is represented by ΔU. The first law of thermodynamics is related to the law of conservation of energy and explains that energy can be exchanged between a system and its surroundings as either heat flow or work. ![]() The zeroth law of thermodynamics explains that if two separate isolated systems are both in equilibrium with a third isolated system, then the first two systems are also in equilibrium with each other. These laws describe the energy-related interactions of physical systems with their surroundings. As described by the science of thermodynamics, a set of four laws govern the relationship of heat and temperature to energy and work.
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